Command Injection Vulnerability Testing: When User Input Reaches the Operating System for Philippine Enterprises

Command injection occurs when user-controlled input is incorporated into operating system commands executed by the application — potentially granting full control of the server. Testing covers: identifying input fields that trigger server-side commands (file operations, network utilities, system administration functions), testing command separators (;, |, &&, ||, backticks), encoding and filter bypasses, blind command injection (no output returned — using time delays or out-of-band channels to confirm execution), and testing in different operating system contexts (Linux vs Windows command syntax).